Potencial antropológico de DXYS156 en poblaciones mexicanas: comparación del panorama autosómico y patrilineal

Abstract

The STR pentanucleotide DXYS156 (TAAAA)n offers advantages for personal identification and anthropological purposes. In addition to establish the gender, DXYS156 expands the DNA profile, and is able to indicate the possible geographic origin of the individual. In this work, we established the anthropological potential of DXYS156 and, in males, its relation with Amerindian Ychromosomes carrying the M3 mutation. We analyzed 757 unrelated individuals (302 males and 455 females) from seven Mexican populations; we estimated forensic parameters and checked the random distribution of genotypes in each population. The DXYS156 shorter (X4-X10) and the larger alleles (Y11-Y13) were specific for the X and Y sexual chromosomes, respectively. The anthropological inferences obtained with DXYS156 were: a) a higher genetic diversity in Mestizos than tribes; b) excepting mayas because a high frequency of the allele Y-13, suggesting admixture via males, with possible founder effect and/or genetic drift; c) huichols was the lowest admixed group under genetic drift effects; d) admixture in Purépechas, exclusively via females but no males; e) a low level of genetic flow in tarahumaras, with a close relationship with huicholes via males, according to the linguistic filiations; e) a high admixture in nahuas and Mezcala (Jalisco) and close genetic relationship between them, suggesting a common origin.