Valores Cefalométricos craneofaciales en niños preescolares del Jardín de Niños CENDI UNAM

Abstract

The cephalometric evaluation constitutes an auxiliary diagnosis method to study structures of the dental craniofacial complex that allows to identify disharmonies, as much in morphology as like the relationships among each one of these structures and this way to be able to establish treatment projects. The purpose of this study was to describe and compare by gender the craniofacial growth pattern of third degree children of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México kindergarten (CENDI). A total of 112 inscribed children, participated 26 boys and 21 girls, residents of Distrito Federal México. Average age was of 5.6 years old. All the children presented facial simetry and clinically acceptable occlusion. Cephalometrically six angular measures was evaluated: SNA, SNB, ANB, Y axis, PM-FH, PM-SN and five lineal measures: A perpendicular N, Pg perpendicular N, ENA-ENP, Go-Me, S-N. The standard deviation and standard error were obtained. t-Student test gave that there were not differences statistically significant between both sexes (p > 0.05), except for the measures A perpendicular N, Go-Me and the Y axis (p < 0.05). The longitude of anterior cranial base showed less variability in the total population of this study. Mandibular measures indicated that this structure was the fewer developed during this stage of the growth; as well as a tendency of vertical growth was obtained, but for this group it was considered as neutral growth.