Estudio comparativo de la premedicación con midazolam y ketamina por vía oral en pacientes pediátricos sometidos a tratamientos de cirugía maxilofacial

Abstract

The oral premedication in children prior to maxillofacial surgery is a good alternative. The objective of this study was to compare the preanesthetic effect of midazolam and ketamine in pediatric patients before surgical procedures. Twenty four patients, 14 boys and 10 girls, aged between 8 months to 14 years old, were randomly selected and grouped into two groups. Patients of group one took 0.75 mg/kg of midazolam, thirty minutes before the surgical procedure was done. Group 2 took 6.0 mg/kg of ketamine. In both cases drugs were diluted in 5 mL of apple juice. Twenty minutes after drugs were administrated, the following conditions were observed: 1) response to drug 2) response to the family separation circumstance and the entrance to the operating room, 3) response to the venous injection. Statistic comparisons, were done using Mann-Whitney. In response to drug, we could not established a statistically significant difference (p = 0.977). Data obtained upon the separation of parents and immediate response after entering the operating room, as well as that observed at the moment of the venous injection was not statistically different in both groups (p = 0.79). Preanesthetic effect using midazolam or ketamine (oral route), showed the same results in pediatric patients surgically treated.