Adaptación de una tarea de descuento temporal con estímulos alimentarios

Contenido principal del artículo

Emmanuel Alfredo Ruiz Acacio
Cecilia Silva Gutiérrez

Resumen

Objetivo: probar la utilidad de la tarea de descuento temporal de Koffarnus y Bickel (2014) al sustituir los estímulos neutros por alimentarios.


Diseño metodológico: se trata de un estudio instrumental de corte transversal y alcance descriptivo. Se realizó una traducción y retraducción de los reactivos, se integró la imagen de dos barras de chocolate, se modificó la consigna de “preferirías tener” a “preferirías comer” y se realizó una prueba piloto. Posteriormente se aplicó a una muestra de 191 participantes de entre 18 y 30 años (M= 22.33, DE= 4.02) residentes de la Ciudad de México, 121 mujeres y 70 hombres.


Resultados: se encontró una tendencia de los participantes a descontar más las recompensas retardadas. La tasa de descuento mostró un comportamiento similar al reportado en la literatura (k = .25, s= .24, R2 = .62; k = .014, s= .87, R2 = .90), lo que indica que la tarea sí permite identificar la tendencia a descontar las recompensas.


Limitaciones de la investigación: la utilización de un solo estímulo alimentario es limitante, así como la presencia de sensación de hambre y la no diferenciación de estímulos dulce y salado. Sin embargo, esto no impide que se obtenga una medida de descuento temporal acorde con el reportado en la literatura.


Hallazgos: la tarea sí es capaz de identificar la tendencia a descontar las recompensas retardadas, además se pudieron obtener los valores de área bajo la curva para ambas condiciones lo cual permite establecer que la tarea es adecuada para obtener una medida del DT.

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Detalles del artículo

Cómo citar
Ruiz Acacio, E. A., & Silva Gutiérrez, C. . (2023). Adaptación de una tarea de descuento temporal con estímulos alimentarios. Entreciencias: Diálogos En La Sociedad Del Conocimiento, 11(25), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.22201/enesl.20078064e.2023.25.85770
Biografía del autor/a

Emmanuel Alfredo Ruiz Acacio, Facultad de Psicología, UNAM

Doctorante en el posgrado en Psicología y Salud de la Facultad de Psicología de la UNAM, sus principales líneas de investigación son: Sobrepeso y obesidad; Salud y alimentación.

Cecilia Silva Gutiérrez, División de Investigación y Posgrado, Facultad de Psicología, UNAM

Doctora en Psicología de la Salud por la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Maestra en Psicología clínica. Actualmente es profesora Titular A de Tiempo Completo Definitivo en la División de Investigación y Posgrado, Facultad de Psicología de la unam. Sus principales líneas de investigación son: Salud y alimentación; Psicología del deporte y actividad física; Trastornos de la conducta alimentaria y Depresión en universitarios. Es miembro del SNI nivel I.

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