Cytotoxicity assessment of three endodontic sealing cements used in periapical surgery. In vitro study

Abstract

Introduction: Presently there are many retrofilling materials in the market, nevertheless, little is known about their toxicity on gingival fibroblasts. Objective: To assess cytotoxicity of three materials to human gingival fibroblasts and L929 mouse fibroblasts cell line.
Material and methods: EndoSequence® BC RRMTM (ERRM; root repair material), white MTA Angelus® (MTA) and intermediate restoration material (IRM®) conditioned media were obtained when materials were freshly mixed, at setting time and after 1, 24 and 72 hours of setting time. Cell morphology was assessed with light microscopy and cell viability was assessed through mitochondrial metabolic activity with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT). Statistical analysis was conducted with ANOVA. Results: We found that ERRM material did not exhibit cytotoxic effects on used fibroblast, nevertheless, MTA and IRM® respectively exhibited moderate and severe cytotoxicity, thus indicating the materials were not fully harmless. Conclusion: Bioceramic cements like ERRM could be considered the most compatible retrofilling-materials.