El sector público en México: de la sustitución de importaciones a la sustitución de exportaciones

Abstract

THIS ARTICLE ATTEMPTS TO EXPLORE AND EXPAND UPON THE DEFINITION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE IMPORT SUBSTITUTION AND EXPORT SUBSTITUTION DEVELOPMENT MODELS, FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF FISCAL RESTRICTIONS ON INVESTMENT, AND IT MAKES A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THESE MODELS IN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL TERMS. IT ALSO EXPLAINS THE STRUCTURAL REFORM PROCESS, IN ORDER TO ESTABLISH THE SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TRANSITION FROM ONE DEVELOPMENT MODEL TO THE OTHER, SEPARATING STRUCTURAL REFORM POLICIES FROM THOSE LINKED TO THE OVERALL ECONOMIC SITUATION. IN ORDER TO FULFILL THIS OBJETIVE, WE USE FISICAL RESTRICTIONS ON FINANCING OF INVESTMENT, REFERRED TO AS THE ”FISICAL GAP” AS THE LEIT MOTIV OR THE RECURRIN THEME IN OUR COMPARIS