THE AUTOMOTIVE AND ENERGY SECTORS OF MEXICO IN USMCA’ S LABYRINTHS

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Published: Mar 27, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22201/fe.01851667p.2023.324.84653

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José Carlos Ramírez
Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Juriquilla, de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM, México)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-9785
Miguel Ángel Ramírez
Centro de Estudios Superiores del Noroeste (CESUN Universidad, México)
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-1066
Leovardo Mata
Facultad de Economía y Negocios de la Universidad Anáhuac México, Campus Norte (México)
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4713-5116

Abstract

This paper aims to assess the main consequences of the USMCA provisions on Mexico’s automotive and energy sectors’ performance. By running an autoregressive vector model, we set three scenarios to measure the potential impacts of higher production costs resulting from the rules of origin on the automotive plants’ critical variables (employment, production, investment, and foreign exchange). The paper also analyzes USMCA’s influence on labor changes in the Mexican automotive industry to highlight the social content of the rules of origin. Finally, we provide a qualitative study on contentious issues between the U.S. and Mexico stemming from recent changes in the Mexican energy sector. The main conclusion is that USMCA’s impact on the performance of both sectors depends on the scenarios presented and the degree of compliance with certain treaty chapters.

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How to Cite
Ramírez, J. C., Ramírez, M. Ángel ., & Mata, L. (2023). THE AUTOMOTIVE AND ENERGY SECTORS OF MEXICO IN USMCA’ S LABYRINTHS. Investigación Económica, 82(324), 150–174. https://doi.org/10.22201/fe.01851667p.2023.324.84653

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Author Biographies

José Carlos Ramírez, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Juriquilla, de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM, México)

He is a PhD in Development Studies from The University of Sussex (IDS). He is a professor-researcher at the National School of Higher Studies-Juriquilla Unit, Querétaro, Mexico.

Among the main distinctions is receiving the Honorable Mention in the National Award for Research and Technological Development 1997, convened by the Consultative Council SEP-CONACYT, Mexico, April 1998; Third Place in the Rómulo Garza National Research Award. ITESM Monterrey, January 2006; the Professional Excellence Award (best graduate) 2012, awarded by the UANL, Monterrey, NL; the Best Researcher Award from ITESM-CCM, Mexico City, May 2005; the Award for the best professor on the ITESM-CCM campus, May 2005; the Award to the best professor of the School of Actuary in 2011. Anahuac University.

He is currently coordinator of the research project: "The automotive and energy sectors of Mexico in the labyrinths of the T-MEC".

Miguel Ángel Ramírez, Centro de Estudios Superiores del Noroeste (CESUN Universidad, México)

Miguel Ángel Ramírez is a Bachelor, Master and PhD in History from the National Autonomous University of Mexico. He is a professor in the Schools of History, Classic Letters and Modern Letters of the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters of the UNAM. He has also taught undergraduate and postgraduate courses at the Humanities Division of the FES Acatlán of the UNAM and at the Anahuac University. He is a member of the Mexican Society for the Study of Religions and the International Association of Patristic Studies.

Leovardo Mata, Facultad de Economía y Negocios de la Universidad Anáhuac México, Campus Norte (México)

He is a PhD in Financial Sciences from the EGADE Business School of the Tecnológico de Monterrey. Currently, he is a professor-researcher at the Faculty of Economics and Business of the Universidad Anáhuac México, a member of the National System of Level I Researchers and his research areas are Economic Theory, Econometrics, Numerical Analysis and Earth Sciences. In the last three years it has focused on interdisciplinary quantitative tools applicable to the area of ​​Social Sciences, in order to support various programs of Tourism, Administration, Social Responsibility, Education and Economy.

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