INVESTMENT SOCIALIZATION AND TAX REFORM: THE MEXICAN CASE, 1950-2020
Main Article Content
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Based on Keynes’ arguments, this paper aims to show that, even assuming an equilibrated primary fiscal balance, it can be possible to use fiscal policy to stabilize the equilibrium output, increase the output growth rate and disposable income, and relax the external constraint on growth. Our theoretical arguments are empirically tested for the case of Mexico. As shown, after the debt crisis of the last century, Mexican policymakers maintained a primary balance equilibrium rule. However, a significant public expenditure reduction was implemented, primarily concentrated on public investment, which has negatively affected economic growth and the trade balance as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). We argue that it is necessary to increase public revenues, mainly through a tax reform, to implement an investment socialization program.
SOCIALIZACIÓN DE INVERSIONES Y REFORMA TRIBUTARIA: EL CASO MEXICANO, 1950-2020
RESUMEN
Con base en los argumentos de Keynes, este artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar que, incluso asumiendo un balance primario equilibrado, es posible utilizar la política fiscal para estabilizar el producto de equilibrio, aumentar la tasa de crecimiento, el ingreso disponible y relajar la restricción externa al crecimiento. Nuestros argumentos teóricos se evalúan para el caso de México. Como se muestra, después de la crisis de deuda del siglo pasado, el gobierno mantuvo la regla del balance primario equilibrado. Sin embargo, también implementó una reducción del gasto público, en particular de la inversión pública, lo que ha afectado de forma negativa a la tasa de crecimiento y al saldo de la balanza comercial como porcentaje del producto interno bruto (PIB). Por lo tanto, es necesario incrementar los ingresos públicos, de forma principal, a través de una reforma tributaria e implementar un programa de socialización de la inversión.
Article Details
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following conditions:
a) The authors retain the copy rights (copyright) and give the journal the right of first publication, with the work also under the Creative Commons Attribution License that allows third parties to use what is published as long as they refer to the author or authors of the article. work and its publication in this journal.
b) The authors are free to make other contractual agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the article they publish in this journal (such as including it in an institutional collection or publishing it in a book), provided that they clearly indicate the original publication of the work in this journal.