AUTONOMÍA DEL BANCO DE MÉXICO, CRECIMIENTO Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DEL INGRESO
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Abstract
En agosto 1993 se otorgó autonomía al Banco de México y se le confirió el objetivo de mantener una tasa de inflación (π) baja y estable. En el presente artículo se muestra que: a) la tasa de crecimiento (g) de la economía mexicana exhibe una relación no lineal, en forma de U invertida, con π, y que lo mismo sucede con las tasas de crecimiento del sector manufacturero (m) y del sector de servicios financieros y de seguros (sf); b) la π que optimiza g, m y sf es distinta para cada caso, siendo menor y cercana al objetivo de inflación para el caso de sf; c) la tasa de crecimiento de las remuneraciones nominales ha servido como ancla de la inflación y ha conllevado a una redistribución regresiva del ingreso, y d) la consecución de una π baja y estable se ha acompañado de tasas de interés reales altas, lo cual ha deprimido la inversión y la tasa de crecimiento de la productividad laboral.
BANCO DE MÉXICO’S INDEPENDENCE, GROWTH AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION
ABSTRACT
On August 1993 the Banco de México was granted autonomy and charged with the objective of maintaining a low and stable inflation rate (π). This paper shows that: a) the growth rate (g) of the Mexican economy exhibits a non-linear relationship (an inverted U-shape) with π, and that the same is true of the growth rates of the manufacturing (m), the financial services and the insurance (sf) sectors; b) the π that optimizes g, m and sf is different for each case, being lower and close to the inflation target for the case of sf; c) the growth rate of the nominal remuneration has worked as an inflation anchor and has led to a regressive redistribution of income; and d) the achievement of a low and stable π has been accompanied by high real interest rates, which has depressed both investment and the growth rate of labor productivity.Article Details
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