Análisis de riesgo a la salud de una instalación petrolera del Suroeste de México

Abstract

DURING AN ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITINAN OIL STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION STATION (TAD) LO CATEDAT SOUTH-WEST MEX ICO, HYDROCARBON CONTAMINATION WAS DETECTED. BECAUSE OF IT, A COMPLETE STUDY OF THE SITE'S CONTAMINATION WAS REQUIRED. FROM THIS WORK'S RESULTS, IT CAN BE STATED THAT TAD SUB SOIL IS CONTAMINATED BY TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS (TPH), INCONCENTRATIONS FROM ND TO 59,000 MG/KG. NEITHER BENZENE, TOLUENE, ETHYLBENZENE OR XYLENES (BTEX), NOR METHYL TERT-BUTYL ETHER (MTBE), NOR METHYL TERT-AMYL ETHER (MTE) WERE DETECTED. FROM THE 16 POLYCYCLIC AR O MATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAH) ANALYZED, ONLY NAPHTHALENE WAS FOUND IN ONE SAMPLE POINT AT A CONCENTRATION BELOW 1 MG/KG. THE PRESENCE OFFE, PB, AND ZN WAS IDENTIFIED IN THE SUB SOIL, BUT THE CALCULATED GEO-ACCUMULATION IN DEXES SUGGEST A NATURAL CONCENTRATIONS AND NOT A CONTAMINATION´S PRODUCT. THP WERE FOUND IN GROUNDWATERS, BUT ONLY IN ONE  OF THE SIX SAMPLED WELLS OVER THE RECOMMENDED LEVEL OF 10 MG/I. IT WAS ALSO FOUND THAT FE CONCENTRATIONS EXCEED THE SUGGESTED VALUE OF 0.3 MG/I IN FIVE OF THE SIX SAMPLEDWELLS. IT WAS DETERMINED THAT GROUND WATER´S PH VALUE IS NOT LINKED TO THE METALS CONCENTRATION LEVEL, BUT WITH THE TPH CONCENTRATION. HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT INDICATED THAT NAPHTHALENE, AND ZINC CONCENTRATIONS, PRESENT IN WATER AND SUB SOIL, DO NOT REPRESENT A HEALTH RISK NEITHER FOR THE NEIGHBOUR HOOD IN HABITANTS, NOR FOR THE TAD WORKERS. NEVER THE LESS, GIVEN THE HIGH TPH CONCENTRATIONS IN THE TAD´S NORTH SIDE, THE REMEDIATION OF 8,000 M³ OF SUB SOIL BY MEANS OF A BIOPILES SYSTEM WAS RECOMMENDED.