Estructura, composición florística y diversidad de especies leñosas de un bosque mesófilo de montaña de Guerrero, México

Abstract

THE STRUCTURE, FLORISTIC COMPOSITION, AND SPECIES DIVERSITY OF WOODY PLANTS OF THE CLOUD FOREST IN CARRIZAL DE BRAVO, GUERRERO, WAS DESCRIBED AND COMPARED TO OTHER CLOUD FORESTS OF MEXICO. IN EACH OF THE 17 PLOTS OF 2500 M2, ALL INDIVIDUALS 1 CM DIAMETER AT BREAST HEIGHT (DBH) WERE RECORDED, MEASURED IN DBH, AND DETERMINED TO SPECIES LEVEL. FOREST STRUCTURE WAS BASED ON SPECIES RELATIVE IMPORTANCE VALUES (RIV) AND SPECIES, 66 GENERA AND 42 FAMILIES. THE FAMILIES WITH LARGER NUMBER OF SPECIES WERE COMPOSITAE, FAGACEAE, LAURACEAE, MYRSINACEAE, PINACEAE, AND SOLANACEAE. A SIMILARITY ANALYSIS AMONG PLOTS REVEALED THE EXISTENCE OF TWO FLORISTICALLY DISTINCT GROUPS, ONE LOCATED ON THE PACIFISLOPE AND ANOTHER IN THE BALSAS BASIN, WHICH DIFFERED BY THE OCCURRENCE OF 24 FAMILIES (64 SPECIES). STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS SHOWED THAT CHIRANTHODENDRON PENTADACTYLON WAS THE MOST IMPORTANT SPECIES DUE TO ITS LARGER RELATIVE BASAL AREA, FOLLOWED BY ROLDANA SCHAFFNERI, CRITONIA PANEROI, SOLANUM ALIGERUM, ABIES GUATEMALENSIS, QUERCUS RUBRAMENTA, OREOPANAX XALAPENSIS, OCOTEA CHIAPENSIS, CROTON DRACO, PERSEA AMERICANA, MELIOSMA DENTATA, AND CLEYERA INTEGRIFOLIA, WHICH TOGETHER ACCOUNTED FOR 51% OF RIV. TOTAL BASAL AREA WAS 232.57 M IN THE 4.25 HA, OR 54.72 M HA, WHICH WASA FIGURE SIMILAR TO THOSE REPORTED FOR OMILTEMI, EL TRIUNFO ANDCENTRAL VERACRUZ CLOUD FORESTS. SHANNON-WIENER AND FISHER'S α DIVERSITY INDEXES FOR THE 4.25 HA WERE 3.35 AND 15.3, RESPECTIVELY. THIS FOREST, COMPARED TO OTHER MEXICAN CLOUD FORESTS, IS ONE OF THE MOST DIVERSE OF THE COUNTRY, ONLY SURPASSED BY THAT OF CUZULAPA FROM MANANTLÁN, JALISCO.