Estudio de la vegetación acuática vascular del sistema fluvio-lagunar-deltaico del río Palizada en Campeche, México

Abstract

THIS CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE VASCULAR AQUATIC FLORA OF CAMPECHE STATE CAN BE ADDED TO THE SCARCE DESCRIPTIVE STUDIES OF THE LESS KNOWN REGIONS OF MEXICO. THE DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES ARE DESCRIBED, BOTH VERTICALLY AND HORIZONTALLY, AND TEMPORARY DISTRIBUTION IS ESTABLISHED IN ADDITION TO COVER AND ABUNDANCE DATA FOR EACH FLORISTIC ELEMENT. EIGHTEEN COMMUNITIES ARE RECOGNIZED WHICH ARE MANIFESTED IN THREE LARGE BIOLOGICAL FORMS: HERBACEOUS WITH TEN, SHRUB-LIKE WITH ONE, AND ARBOREAL WITH SEVEN. THE HERBACEOUS COMMUNITIES FORMED BY TYPHA DOMINGENSIS, PHRAGMITES AUSTRALIS, AND VALLISNERIA AMERICANA, ARE THE MOST IMPORTANT DUE TO THEIR EXTENSION AND FLORISTIC RICNESS. MOREOVER, THEY ARE REPRESENTED BY FOUR DIFFERENT LIFE FORMS. FROM THE ARBOREAL GROUP, MANGROVES ARE THE MOST OUTSTANDING COMMUNITY. 133 SPECIES WERE IDENTIFIED. THEY ARE GROUPED INTO 104 GENERA AND 59 FAMILIES. ONLY 17 SPECIES BELONG TO 12 STRICT AQUATIC PLANT FAMILIES. THE BEST REPRESENTED FAMILIES ARE LEGUMINOSAE SENSU LATO WITH 17 SPECIES, CYPERACEAE WITH 12, POACEAE WITH TEN, AND OCHIDACEAE AND CONVOLVULACEAE WITH SEVEN EACH. HERBACEOUS ARE LANDSCAPE DOMINANT COVERING A SURFACE OF 22 006.28 HA, ALONG WITH MANGROVES, WHICH FORM THE SECOND LARGEST COMMUNITY SPREADING ON AN AREA OF 9 889.8 HA. THE FLUVIAL-LACUNAR-DELTAIC SYSTEM OF PALIZADA RIVER IS RICH IN SPECIES BELONGING TO STRICT AQUATIC FAMILIES, IN COMPARISON WITH OTHER STUDIED AQUATIC SYSTEMS.