Cardiovascular Risk Factors and their Association among groups of Overweighed Adolescents

Abstract

Objective: To determine the cardiovascular risk factors (crf) and their association among groups in overweighed adolescents enrolled to the Family Medicine Unit (fmu) No. 80. Methods: Cross-sectional and analytical study, one hundred adolescents between ten and nineteen years of age who were enrolled in the fmu No. 80 of Morelia, Michoacán, México, were assessed, prior signed and informed consent, from October 2016 to April 2017. Participants were interrogated about family background (fb), smoking habit, alcoholism and physical activity; blood pressure, weight, size, and using the estimated body mass index (bmi) calculation, they were categorized into four groups: low weight, normal weight, overweight and obesity. Clinical data such as fasting glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides were measured. The risk analysis was characterized according to the existence of overweight or obesity. Results are shown in frequencies, and for the contrast of hypothesis, it was used χ² and Fisher exact test, considering significant a value of p<0.05. Results: 56 women and 44 men were included, 94% of the adolescents presented cardiovascular risk as fb, 58% due to physical inactivity habits, 41% presented overweight/obesity, and 24%, hypertriglyceridemia. There is an association between overweight/obesity and the presence of premorbid states such as pre-hypertension (P=0.017), abnormal fasting glucose (p = 0.001), hypercholesterolemia (P=0.015) and hypertriglyceridemia (p=0.001). Conclusions: crf that predominate in adolescents were family background, physical inactivity, overweight/obesity, the latter are associated with the presence of premorbid states.