Cardiovascular Risk Factors Knowledge and Control Level of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in a Group of Spanish with Diabetes

Abstract

Objective: to analyze the level of theoretical knowledge about the objectives of control factors of cardiovascular risk in diabetic type 2 patients. Confirm if there is a relationship between the level of knowledge and a better metabolic control. Methods: descriptive, cross-sectional and observational study through survey of 20 items. 45 diabetics type 2 were included, a physical and analytical exploration was performed (capillary blood glucose, ldl cholesterol, blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin). Results: glycosylated hemoglobin was controlled (≤7%) in 51.1%; 42.2% presented ≤120 mg/dl basal glucose; 37.8% showed a ldl-cholesterol ≤100 mg/dl; 37.8% had a systolic Pressure ≤140 mm Hg and 75.6% a Diastolic pressure of ≤80 mm Hg. Regarding the relationship between knowledge and control of the analyzed parameters: in regards to the basal glucose, 39% of the controlled patients know the target number of blood glucose; 61% of the not-controlled patients know this number (p<0.05). The same happens with the glycosylated hemoglobin (42.9% of the controlled patients know the figure versus the 57.1% of the not-controlled patients, p<0.05) and the ldl cholesterol (37.8% of the controlled patients know the figure versus 62.2% of the not-controlled patients, p<0.05). Conclusions: the level of knowledge of the objectives to control diabetes and the related cardiovascular risk factors is very poor. There is an inverse relationship between the knowledge of risk factors and a better control of these risks.