Women, Feminisms and Founding Myths in International Relations Mujeres, feminismos y mitos fundacionales de relaciones internacionales
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Resumen
Over the past few years, a significant body of academic writing in International Relations (ir) has contributed to critically reflecting on the traditional narrative of ir. Most of this literature has focused on the early years of ir, questioning its supposed birth in 1919, as well as the existence of liberal idealism and the first great debate. This article seeks to contribute to such critical efforts, adding as variables women internationalists and some feminisms of the early part of the 20th century—particularly related to socialism and/or pacifism—to show important shortcomings of conventional history. Through a textual analysis of the writings of various internationalists of the early 20th century, as well as their work in building institutions related to international affairs, the article exposes five disciplinary myths of ir. It concludes that there is a diversity of contributions from various feminisms and women to the discipline before 1980, although they continue to be obscured by orthodox history. This has important implications for our historiographical understanding of ir, the roots of internationalist feminism, and the possibility of rescuing new theoretical approaches.
Resumen
Durante los últimos años, un número importante de escritos académicos en relaciones internacionales (rrii) ha contribuido a reflexionar críticamente sobre la narrativa tradicional de la misma. La mayor parte de esta literatura se ha concentrado en los años tempranos de rrii poniendo en tela de juicio su supuesto nacimiento en 1919, así como la existencia del idealismo liberal y del primer gran debate. El presente artículo busca contribuir a dichos esfuerzos críticos, añadiendo como variables a las mujeres internacionalistas y a algunos feminismos de la primera parte del siglo XX —particularmente relacionados con el socialismo y/o el pacifismo— para mostrar deficiencias importantes de la historia convencional. A través de un análisis textual de los escritos de diversas internacionalistas de principios del siglo XX, así como de su trabajo en la construcción de instituciones relacionadas con asuntos internacionales, el artículo expone cinco mitos disciplinarios de rrii. Se concluye que existe una multiplicidad de contribuciones de diversos feminismos y de las mujeres a la disciplina antes de 1980, pese a que continúan siendo oscurecidas por la historia ortodoxa. Esto tiene implicaciones importantes en nuestro entendimiento historiográfico de rrii, las raíces del feminismo internacionalista, y la posibilidad de rescatar nuevos enfoques teóricos.
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