DESEMPEÑO DEL GASTO GUBERNAMENTAL Y CARENCIAS SOCIALES A NIVEL SUBNACIONAL, 2014-2022
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Resumen
RESUMEN
Parte de la literatura empírica señala que la provisión gubernamental de salud, educación e infraestructura básica tienen efectos positivos para la reducción de las carencias sociales; pero es necesario analizar la eficiencia con la que se consigue tal propósito. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación es determinar si los recursos humanos en los sectores educativo y sanitario, y el gasto público destinado a infraestructura social, educación y salud han reducido eficientemente la vulnerabilidad por carencias sociales a nivel subnacional durante el periodo 2014 a 2022 en México. Se utilizaron análisis evolvente con productos indeseables y una medida de eficiencia basada en holguras para caracterizar niveles de eficiencia, exhibiendo diferencias regionales y temporales. Además, se analizó la importancia de cada rubro de gasto gubernamental y de recursos humanos mediante una red neuronal, resultando que los recursos destinados a la educación media y superior son los más importantes para determinar la eficiencia estatal al reducir las carencias sociales.
GOVERNMENT SPENDING PERFORMANCE AND SOCIAL DEPRIVATION AT THE SUBNATIONAL LEVEL, 2014-2022
ABSTRACT
Part of the empirical literature indicates that government provision of health, education and basic infrastructure have positive effects on social deprivation reduction; however, there is a need to analyze the efficiency in the achievement of this purpose. Therefore, the objective of this research is to determine whether human resources in the education and health sectors, and public spending on social infrastructure, education and health have efficiently reduced vulnerability due to social deprivation at the subnational level from 2014 to 2022 in Mexico. Data envelopment analysis with undesirable products and a slack-based efficiency measure were used to characterize efficiency levels, both showed regional and temporal differences. Additionally, the importance of each category of government spending and human resources was determined through a neural network, concluding that the resources allocated to secondary and higher education are the most important in determining state-level efficiency when the aim is to reduce social deprivation.
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