La ecología política de la agricultura 4.0 en Italia: ¿hacia un modelo agroextractivista verde?
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Este artículo explora la ecología política de la digitalización agrícola en Italia, situándola en el marco más amplio del debate sobre el capitalismo verde y el agroextractivismo. Lejos de representar una fase neutral de modernización tecnológica, la transición digital en la agricultura –promovida en el marco de la doble transición verde y digital impulsada por la Unión Europea– constituye un desarrollo adicional en el proceso de mercantilización de la naturaleza y del tra-bajo. A partir de un análisis preliminar de los impactos de las políticas de digitalización agrícola en Italia, el artículo examina cómo estas políticas enfrentan las contradicciones estructurales del modelo agroindustrial en el contexto italiano. Sostiene que la agricultura digital funciona como una estrategia reformista que se adapta, en lugar de resolver, a una crisis socioecológica cada vez más profunda, reforzando las tendencias de concentración de la tierra, precariedad laboral y degradación ambiental. Desde la perspectiva del agroextractivismo, el artículo destaca las intersecciones entre la doble transición ecológica y digital en la agricultura y este régimen de acumulación, contraponiéndolas a una visión de transición justa centrada en la reproducción de la vida socioecológica y no en la intensificación tecnológica de la producción.
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